The Pomace Extract Taurisolo Protects Rat Brain From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Lapi, Dominga and Stornaiuolo, Mariano and Sabatino, Lina and Sommella, Eduardo and Tenore, Giancarlo and Daglia, Maria and Scuri, Rossana and Di Maro, Martina and Colantuoni, Antonio and Novellino, Ettore (2020) The Pomace Extract Taurisolo Protects Rat Brain From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 14. ISSN 1662-5102

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Abstract

Taurisolo® is a pomace extract from Aglianico Grapes, a wine cultivar native to Campania (Southern Italy). It exhibits a very high polyphenolic content and, consumed as a nutraceutical, is effective in reducing the level of Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a cardiovascular disease risk factor marker. We here show the effects of Taurisolo® on rat brain microvascular alterations induced by a diminution in cerebral blood flow (CBFD) for 30 min, due to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, and subsequent blood flow restoration (CBFR) for 60 min. The rat pial microcirculation was investigated by intravital fluorescence microscopy through a parietal closed window implanted into the skull bone. The rat pial arterioles were classified according to Strahler’s ordering scheme, from smaller penetrating arterioles up to the larger ones. Western blotting analysis and mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics were used to investigate the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or the presence of peroxidized cardiolipin and several inflammatory mediators, respectively. Radical Oxygen Species (ROS) formation and neuronal loss were assessed. In rats CBFD and CBFR caused a decrease in arteriolar diameter, increase in fluorescent leakage and in adhesion of leukocytes to venular walls, reduction in the length of perfused capillaries and increment of ROS formation with large infarct size. Taurisolo®, intravenously or orally administered, induced pial arteriolar dilation (up to >30% of baseline), prevented fluorescent leakage, adhesion of leukocytes, ROS formation, while facilitated capillary perfusion and significantly reduced infarct size. These effects were accompanied by an increase in eNOS expression. Mass-spectrometry metabolomics analysis detected a marked decrease in the amount of peroxidized cardiolipin and pronounced reduction in pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and thromboxane Txb2. Altogether, these results extend the nutraceutical potential of Taurisolo® and suggest their eligibility for preventing brain damage due to ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: Library Keep > Medical Science
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email support@librarykeep.com
Date Deposited: 26 May 2023 07:23
Last Modified: 26 Dec 2023 08:09
URI: http://archive.jibiology.com/id/eprint/934

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