Antioxidant Vitamins in Health and Disease

The neutralization or mopping up of reactive species produced during oxidative stress is achieved by
synergistic actions of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants, including antioxidant vitamins. The
sources, functions and effects of toxic and deficiency levels of these antioxidant vitamins are reviewed
using information obtained from research articles, textbooks, monographs and internet platforms.
Findings show that these antioxidants are commonly available in our daily meals and are therefore
easily obtained if adequate diets are taken. However, some disease conditions can cause their
deficiencies, while reduced or excessive (especially through supplementations) intake can produce
disease states. It is suggested that assessment of these antioxidant vitamins be individualized,
especially in critical situations like pregnancy.