TOXICITY OF OIL EFFLUENT ON OXYGEN UPTAKE, FILTRATION RATE AND GLYCOGEN IN Lamellidens marginalis (BIVALVIA: UNIONIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITION

Lamellidens marginalis, a freshwater bivalve, was experimentally exposed to 1/4th and 1/10th sublethal concentrations of oil effluent to examine the filtration rate, oxygen uptake, and glycogen level of foot, gill, and digestive gland tissues for healthy assessment for reuse in oil effluent intoxicated aquatic environments. The treated group's oxygen uptake was higher than the control group's by (10.43±3.476 ml oxygen/hr) in 1/4th and (11.37±3.790 ml oxygen/hr) in 1/10th exposures, which peaked at 48 hours and then declined. The concentrations of oil effluent exposure gradually increased and peaked at (205± 68.344 ml oxygen/hr) 72 hours in 1/4th and (172± 57.346 ml oxygen/hr) 42 hours in 1/10th concentrations, followed by a moderate decline trend.When compared to the control of all hours, oil effluent uptake peaked at 84 hours in 1/4th foot tissues (512±170.675 µg g-1);1/10th foot tissues (498±166.014µg g-1); 1/4th gill tissues (516±172.013 µg g-1); 1/10th gill tissues (464±154.69µg g-1) and 1/4th digestive gland tissues (540±180.012 µg g-1); 1/10th digestive gland tissues (522±174.03 µg g-1) of freshwater mussel.Mean glycogen concentrations ranged from 1.934 mg to 3.262 mg/g wet tissue in 1/4th and 2.318 mg to 3.286 mg/g wet tissue in 1/10th of sublethal exposures in foot tissues; 1.705 mg to 3.579 mg/g wet tissue in 1/4th and 2.324 mg to 3.074 mg/g wet tissue in 1/10th of exposures in gill tissues ;1.852 mg to 3.314 mg/g wet tissue in 1/4th and 1.989 mg to 3.364 mg/g wet tissues in 1/10th of exposures in digestive gland tissues. Our study concluded that the freshwater bivalve, L.marginalis can be used as biomarkers for animal health assessment and provide a new opportunity for researching the energetic reserves and health status of freshwater mussels.