A Real - time Optimizing Water Utilization Technique for Exactitude Agriculture Using WSN and GSM Module in Indian Agricultural Sectors

India is the agriculture based country. Our ancient people completely depended on the agricultural harvesting. Agricultural sector is playing vital role in Indian economy, in which irrigation mechanism is of key concern. Our work aim is to control the wastage of water in the field by using the drip irrigation and also to provide exact controlling of field by atomizing the agricultural environment by using the components and building the necessary hardware. Irrigation by help of freshwater resources in agricultural areas has a crucial importance. Because of highly increasing demand for freshwater, optimal usage of water resources has been provided with greater extent by automation technology and its apparatus such as drip irrigation, sensors and remote control.

The humidity and temperature of plants are precisely monitored and controlled more efficiently, which is a real time feedback control system. By using drip irrigation the water will be maintained at the constant level i.e. the water will reach the roots by going drop by drop. Irrigation system controls valves by using automated controller to turn ON & OFF. This allows the farmer to apply the right amount of water at the right time, regardless of the availability of the labor to turn valves or motor ON & OFF. This reduces runoff over watering saturated soils avoid irrigating at the wrong time of the day. It improves crop performances and help in time saving in all the aspects.

For the precisely monitoring and controlling of the agriculture filed, different types of sensors were used. To implement the proposed system ARM LPC2148 Microcontroller is used. In this work an ARM LPC2148 Microcontroller based drip irrigation mechanism is proposed, which is a real time feedback control system for monitoring and controlling all the activities of drip irrigation system more efficiently.

The information is given on user request in form of SMS. Eg. GSM modem can be controlled by standard set of AT (Attention) commands. These commands can be used to control majority of the functions of GSM modem. GSM serves as an important part as it is responsible for controlling the irrigation on field and sends them to the receiver through coded signals. GSM operates through SMS’s and is the link between ARM processor and centralized unit. GSM technology is used to inform the end user about the exact field condition. The drip method of irrigation has been found to have a significant impact on resources saving, cost of cultivation, yield of crops and farm profitability.